Spatiotemporal Cooling Efficiency Analysis of Water Structures: a Case Study of the Beni-haroun Dam, Algeria

Sara Sahnoune, Sarah Benharkat, Abderahim Kouloughli

Abstract


Water cool Islands (WCIs) are a key strategy for mitigating Surface Urban Heat Islands (SUHIs) despite the characteristic limitations of water bodies. This paper reports an analysis of the spatial and temporal variation in Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI) intensity in the Mila region of Algeria, with a focus on evaluating Water Cool Island's (WCI) effectiveness of the country's largest and most substantial hydraulic infrastructure, the Beni Haroun dam. Landsat 5TM and Landsat 8 OLI/TIR imagery from 1991 to 2022 were required and analyzed during the hottest and driest periods. Additionally, a comprehensive assessment of the Weighted Normalized Difference Water Index (WNDWI) was conducted, followed by classification and mapping using ArcGIS 10.8. The findings demonstrate a significant correlation between the water index and SUHI, with the WNDWI showing the lowest surface temperature values. This resulted a global cooling intensity (WCI= −1.39 °C), translating to a temperature reduction of 1.39°C across study area, with a notable substantial cooling effect observed in the urban areas surrounding the dam. This study underscores the crucial role of water surfaces in mitigating heat islands, offering valuable insights for urban planners seeking to enhance urban climates by modifying existing water surfaces or designing new ones.

Key words: Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI), Water Cool Island (WCI), Water Index, Remote Sensing Data, Water Bodies Planning

© 2024 Serbian Geographical Society, Belgrade, Serbia.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Serbia.


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